§ 龙蜥Anolis系统中安装GreatSQL
本节介绍如何用二进制包方式安装GreatSQL数据库，假定本次安装是在Anolis OS release 8.8 x86_64环境中安装，并且是以root用户身份执行安装操作。
环境介绍
$ cat /etc/anolis-release
Anolis OS release 8.8
$ getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.28
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在开始安装前，请根据文档 安装准备 已经完成准备工作。
§ 下载安装包
先安装wget
yum install -y wget
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小贴士
用 curl 下载也是可以的。
查看机器的glibc版本，以选择正确的安装包：
$ ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.28
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如果您的glibc版本为2.28或更高版本，请选择带有 glibc2.28 标识的安装包；如果您的glibc版本为2.17，请选择带有 glibc2.17 标识的安装包。
点击此处 (opens new window)下载最新的安装包，下载以下二进制包就可以：
- GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
将下载的二进制包放到安装目录下，并解压缩：
cd /usr/local
curl -o GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz https://product.greatdb.com/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
tar xf GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
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安装GreatSQL需要先安装其他依赖包，可执行下面命令完成：
yum install -y pkg-config perl libaio-devel numactl-devel numactl-libs net-tools openssl openssl-devel jemalloc jemalloc-devel perl-Data-Dumper perl-Digest-MD5 python2 perl-JSON perl-Test-Simple
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如果报告个别依赖包安装失败或者找不到就删掉，然后重试。更详细的请参考：安装准备。
选择安装 jemalloc 并不是必须的，用它的好处是可以优化内存管理性能等，有条件的话尽量启用。
yum install epel-release -y
yum install jemalloc jemalloc-devel -y
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进入到 GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin 目录，输入命令ldd mysqld mysql | grep "not found"若不显示其它信息则已经不缺必要软件包
§ 启动前准备
§ 修改 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件
请参考这份 my.cnf 模板 (opens new window)，可根据实际情况修改，一般主要涉及数据库文件分区、目录，内存配置等少数几个选项。以下面这份为例：
[client]
socket = /data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock
[mysql]
loose-skip-binary-as-hex
prompt = "(\\D)[\\u@GreatSQL][\\d]>"
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64
datadir = /data/GreatSQL
socket = /data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock
pid-file = mysql.pid
character-set-server = UTF8MB4
skip_name_resolve = ON
default_time_zone = "+8:00"
bind_address = "0.0.0.0"
secure_file_priv = /data/GreatSQL
# Performance
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
thread_stack = 512K
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
net_buffer_shrink_interval = 180
sql_generate_invisible_primary_key = ON
loose-lock_ddl_polling_mode = ON
loose-lock_ddl_polling_runtime = 200
# Logs
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
log_error = error.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
slow_query_log = ON
log_slow_extra = ON
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
long_query_time = 0.01
log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = ON
log_slow_replica_statements = ON
log_slow_verbosity = FULL
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_space_limit = 500G
binlog_rows_query_log_events = ON
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800
binlog_checksum = CRC32
binlog_order_commits = OFF
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
# Replication
relay-log = relaylog
relay_log_recovery = ON
replica_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
replica_parallel_workers = 16
binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking = WRITESET
replica_preserve_commit_order = ON
replica_checkpoint_period = 2
loose-rpl_read_binlog_speed_limit = 100
# MGR
loose-plugin_load_add = 'mysql_clone.so'
loose-plugin_load_add = 'group_replication.so'
loose-group_replication_group_name = "aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaa1"
loose-group_replication_local_address = "172.16.16.10:33061"
loose-group_replication_group_seeds = "172.16.16.10:33061,172.16.16.11:33061,172.16.16.12:33061"
loose-group_replication_communication_stack = "XCOM"
loose-group_replication_recovery_use_ssl = OFF
loose-group_replication_ssl_mode = DISABLED
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = OFF
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = OFF
loose-group_replication_exit_state_action = READ_ONLY
loose-group_replication_flow_control_mode = "DISABLED"
loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = ON
loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks = OFF
loose-group_replication_majority_after_mode = ON
loose-group_replication_communication_max_message_size = 10M
loose-group_replication_arbitrator = OFF
loose-group_replication_single_primary_fast_mode = 1
loose-group_replication_request_time_threshold = 100
loose-group_replication_primary_election_mode = GTID_FIRST
loose-group_replication_unreachable_majority_timeout = 0
loose-group_replication_member_expel_timeout = 5
loose-group_replication_autorejoin_tries = 288
loose-group_replication_recovery_get_public_key = ON
loose-group_replication_donor_threshold = 100
report_host = "172.16.16.10"
# InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_redo_log_capacity = 6G
innodb_doublewrite_files = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = ON
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = ON
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
innodb_print_ddl_logs = ON
innodb_status_file = ON
innodb_status_output = OFF
innodb_status_output_locks = ON
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_adaptive_hash_index = OFF
innodb_numa_interleave = OFF
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 20
innodb_print_lock_wait_timeout_info = ON
innodb_change_buffering = none
kill_idle_transaction = 300
innodb_data_file_async_purge = ON
#innodb monitor settings
#innodb_monitor_enable = "module_innodb,module_server,module_dml,module_ddl,module_trx,module_os,module_purge,module_log,module_lock,module_buffer,module_index,module_ibuf_system,module_buffer_page,module_adaptive_hash"
#pfs settings
performance_schema = 1
#performance_schema_instrument = '%memory%=on'
performance_schema_instrument = '%lock%=on'
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§ 新建mysql用户
/sbin/groupadd mysql
/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin
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§ 新建 datadir
新建数据库主目录，并修改权限模式及属主：
mkdir -p /data/GreatSQL
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/GreatSQL
chmod -R 700 /data/GreatSQL
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§ 启动GreatSQL
把GreatSQL添加进环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile
source /etc/profile
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初始化GreatSQL
mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
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启动GreatSQL
mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
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因为本文示例环境在Docker中，所以不采用systemd管理GreatSQL服务，但无论是RPM、二进制包还是Ansible等何种方式安装GreatSQL，都建议采用systemd来管理GreatSQL服务。在Docker容器环境中，无需利用systemd来管理GreatSQL，直接整个容器启停即可。
参考文档：二进制包安装。
安装完成后加入systemd服务方法可以参考这篇文章：利用systemd管理GreatSQL。
§ 连接登入GreatSQL
在上面进行GreatSQL初始化时，会为 root@localhost 用户生成一个随机密码，记录在 error.log 日志文件中，例如下面这样：
grep -i root /data/GreatSQL/error.log
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查看运行结果
$ grep -i root /data/GreatSQL/error.log
...
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ji!pjndiw5sJ
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复制该密码，将用于首次登入GreatSQL所需。
mysql -uroot -p"ji!pjndiw5sJ" #<--这里输入刚才复制的临时密码
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查看运行结果
$ mysql -uroot -p"ji!pjndiw5sJ" #<--这里输入刚才复制的临时密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.32-26 GreatSQL, Release 26, Revision 444164cc78e
...
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
...
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部分GreatSQL二进制包方式安装后，有可能初始化的root密码是空的，这种情况下可以直接登入并修改成安全密码。
首次登入立刻提醒该密码已过期，需要修改，执行 SQL 命令 ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 修改即可：
greatsql> status;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
greatsql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'GreatSQL@2022'; #<--修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
greatsql> status;
...
Server version: 8.0.32-26
...
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GreatSQL数据库安装并初始化完毕。
§ 安装GreatSQL Shell
下载GreatSQL Shell二进制包greatsql-shell-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz。
接下来安装GreatSQL Shell，以及进行MGR初始化等操作和用RPM包方式安装一样，这里就不赘述了。
参考文档RPM安装并构建MGR集群，从“8. 安装MySQL Shell”这节开始及往后内容即可。
GreatSQL Shell就可以正常使用，并继续构建MGR集群了。
小贴士
推荐使用 Docker 来运行 GreatSQL Shell，详情参考 GreatSQL-Shell Docker (opens new window)。
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