§ Ubuntu系统中安装GreatSQL
本节介绍如何用二进制包方式安装GreatSQL数据库，假定本次安装是在Ubuntu 22.04.3 x86_64环境中安装，并且是以root用户身份执行安装操作。
环境介绍
$ lsb_release -a
LSB Version: core-11.1.0ubuntu4-noarch:security-11.1.0ubuntu4-noarch
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS
Release: 22.04
Codename: jammy
----
$ getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.35
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在开始安装前，请根据文档 安装准备 已经完成准备工作。
§ 下载安装包
查看机器的glibc版本，以选择正确的安装包：
$ getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.35
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如果您的glibc版本为2.28或更高版本，请选择带有"glibc2.28"标识的安装包；如果您的glibc版本为2.17，请选择带有"glibc2.17"标识的安装包。
点击此处 (opens new window)下载最新的安装包，下载以下二进制包就可以：
- GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
将下载的二进制包放到安装目录下，并解压缩：
$ cd /usr/local
$ curl -o GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz https://product.greatdb.com/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
$ tar xf GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
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提示 安装GreatSQL需要先安装其他依赖包，可执行下面命令完成：
包名称在centos和Ubuntu上是不同的,若要安装其它依赖包请使用
apt search <包名>查找
$ sudo apt-get install -y libaio-dev libnuma-dev libnuma1 net-tools openssl libssl-dev libjemalloc2 libjemalloc-dev libdigest-md5-perl 更详细的请参考：安装准备。
pkg-config: 在 Ubuntu 中，pkg-config 工具已经预安装，无需额外安装。perl: Perl 已经预安装在 Ubuntu 中，无需额外安装。libaio-devel: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libaio-dev。numactl-devel: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libnuma-dev。numactl-libs: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libnuma1。net-tools: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是net-tools。openssl: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是openssl。openssl-devel: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libssl-dev。jemalloc: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libjemalloc2。jemalloc-devel: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libjemalloc-dev。perl-Data-Dumper: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是perl包自带的，无需额外安装。perl-Digest-MD5: 在 Ubuntu 中，对应的是libdigest-md5-perl。
进入到GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin目录，输入命令ldd mysqld mysql | grep "not found"若不显示其它信息则已经不缺必要软件包
§ 启动前准备
§ 修改 my.cnf 配置文件
请参考这份 my.cnf 模板 (opens new window)，可根据实际情况修改，一般主要涉及数据库文件分区、目录，内存配置等少数几个选项。以下面这份为例：
$ vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[client]
socket = /data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock
[mysql]
loose-skip-binary-as-hex
prompt = "(\\D)[\\u@GreatSQL][\\d]>"
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
#主从复制或MGR集群中，server_id记得要不同
#另外，实例启动时会生成 auto.cnf，里面的 server_uuid 值也要不同
#server_uuid的值还可以自己手动指定，只要符合uuid的格式标准就可以
server_id = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64
datadir = /data/GreatSQL
socket = /data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock
pid-file = mysql.pid
character-set-server = UTF8MB4
skip_name_resolve = ON
default_time_zone = "+8:00"
bind_address = "0.0.0.0"
secure_file_priv = /data/GreatSQL
# Performance
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
thread_stack = 512K
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
net_buffer_shrink_interval = 180
sql_generate_invisible_primary_key = ON
loose-lock_ddl_polling_mode = ON
loose-lock_ddl_polling_runtime = 200
# Logs
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
log_error = error.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
slow_query_log = ON
log_slow_extra = ON
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
long_query_time = 0.01
log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = ON
log_slow_replica_statements = ON
log_slow_verbosity = FULL
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_space_limit = 500G
binlog_rows_query_log_events = ON
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800
binlog_checksum = CRC32
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
# Replication
relay-log = relaylog
relay_log_recovery = ON
replica_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
replica_parallel_workers = 16
binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking = WRITESET
replica_preserve_commit_order = ON
replica_checkpoint_period = 2
loose-rpl_read_binlog_speed_limit = 100
# MGR
loose-plugin_load_add = 'mysql_clone.so'
loose-plugin_load_add = 'group_replication.so'
loose-group_replication_group_name = "aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaa1"
loose-group_replication_local_address = "172.16.16.10:33061"
loose-group_replication_group_seeds = "172.16.16.10:33061,172.16.16.11:33061,172.16.16.12:33061"
loose-group_replication_communication_stack = "XCOM"
loose-group_replication_recovery_use_ssl = OFF
loose-group_replication_ssl_mode = DISABLED
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = OFF
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = OFF
loose-group_replication_exit_state_action = READ_ONLY
loose-group_replication_flow_control_mode = "DISABLED"
loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = ON
loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks = OFF
loose-group_replication_majority_after_mode = ON
loose-group_replication_communication_max_message_size = 10M
loose-group_replication_arbitrator = OFF
loose-group_replication_single_primary_fast_mode = 1
loose-group_replication_request_time_threshold = 100
loose-group_replication_primary_election_mode = GTID_FIRST
loose-group_replication_unreachable_majority_timeout = 0
loose-group_replication_member_expel_timeout = 5
loose-group_replication_autorejoin_tries = 288
loose-group_replication_recovery_get_public_key = ON
loose-group_replication_donor_threshold = 100
report_host = "172.16.16.10"
# InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_redo_log_capacity = 6G
innodb_doublewrite_files = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = ON
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = ON
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
innodb_print_ddl_logs = ON
innodb_status_file = ON
innodb_status_output = OFF
innodb_status_output_locks = ON
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_adaptive_hash_index = OFF
innodb_numa_interleave = OFF
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 20
innodb_print_lock_wait_timeout_info = ON
innodb_change_buffering = none
kill_idle_transaction = 300
innodb_data_file_async_purge = ON
#innodb monitor settings
#innodb_monitor_enable = "module_innodb,module_server,module_dml,module_ddl,module_trx,module_os,module_purge,module_log,module_lock,module_buffer,module_index,module_ibuf_system,module_buffer_page,module_adaptive_hash"
#pfs settings
performance_schema = 1
#performance_schema_instrument = '%memory%=on'
performance_schema_instrument = '%lock%=on'
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§ 新建mysql用户
$ /sbin/groupadd mysql
$ /sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin
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§ 新建 datadir
新建数据库主目录，并修改权限模式及属主：
$ mkdir -p /data/GreatSQL
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /data/GreatSQL
$ chmod -R 700 /data/GreatSQL
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§ 启动GreatSQL
把GreatSQL添加进环境变量
sudo sh -c 'echo "export PATH=/usr/local/GreatSQL-8.0.32-26-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile'
# 刷新文件使得生效
source /etc/profile
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初始化GreatSQL
$ nohup mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
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启动GreatSQL
$ mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf&
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因为本文示例环境在Docker中，所以不采用systemd管理GreatSQL服务，但无论是RPM、二进制包还是Ansible等何种方式安装GreatSQL，都建议采用systemd来管理GreatSQL服务。在Docker容器环境中，无需利用systemd来管理GreatSQL，直接整个容器启停即可。
参考文档：二进制包安装。
安装完成后加入systemd服务方法可以参考这篇文章：利用systemd管理GreatSQL。
§ 连接登入GreatSQL
在上面进行GreatSQL初始化时，会为 root@localhost 用户生成一个随机密码，记录在 error.log 日志文件中，例如下面这样：
$ grep -i root /data/GreatSQL/error.log
... A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ji!pjndiw5sJ
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复制该密码，将用于首次登入GreatSQL所需。
部分GreatSQL二进制包方式安装后，有可能初始化的root密码是空的，这种情况下可以直接登入并修改成安全密码。
$ mysql -uroot -p"ji!pjndiw5sJ" #<--这里输入刚才复制的临时密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.32-26 GreatSQL, Release 26, Revision 444164cc78e
...
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
...
greatsql> \s
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
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首次登入立刻提醒该密码已过期，需要修改，执行类似下面的命令修改即可：
greatsql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'GreatSQL@2022'; #<--修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
greatsql> \s
...
Server version: 8.0.32-26
...
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GreatSQL数据库安装并初始化完毕。
§ 安装MySQL Shell
接下来安装MySQL Shell，可以使用mysql-shell-8.0.32，但是要注意MGR中并不支持仲裁节点
解压mysql-shell-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit.tar.gz
$ tar zxf mysql-shell-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit.tar.gz
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直接运行即可
$ mysql-shell-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit/bin/mysqlsh
MySQL Shell 8.0.32
Copyright (c) 2016, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.
Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type '\help' or '\?' for help; '\quit' to exit.
MySQL JS >
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MySQL Shell就可以正常使用，并继续构建MGR集群了。
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