§ RPM安装
本节介绍如何用 RPM 包方式安装 GreatSQL 数据库，假定本次安装是在 CentOS 8.x x86_64 环境中安装，并且是以 root 用户身份执行安装操作。
§ 下载安装包
点击此处 (opens new window)下载最新的安装包，至少下载以下几个RPM包文件：
- greatsql-client-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- greatsql-devel-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- greatsql-icu-data-files-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- greatsql-shared-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
- greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
提示：建议直接下载RPM集中打包文件，例如 greatsql-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.xz，就无需每个文件单独下载了。
§ 运行环境配置
关闭selinux和防火墙
#关闭selinux
setenforce=0
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/c'SELINUX=disabled /etc/selinux/config
#关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable iptables
systemctl stop iptables
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另外，要先确认yum源可用，因为安装GreatSQL时还要先安装其他依赖包，通过yum安装最省事。
如果需要配置yum源，可以参考配置阿里云YUM源 (opens new window)。
§ 安装依赖包
安装GreatSQL RPM包时，要先安装这些相关依赖包。
$ yum install -y pkg-config perl libaio-devel numactl-devel numactl-libs net-tools \
...
openssl openssl-devel jemalloc jemalloc-devel perl-Data-Dumper perl-Digest-MD5 \
python2 perl-JSON perl-Test-Simple
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如果报告个别依赖包安装失败或者找不到就删掉，然后重试。更详细的请参考：安装准备。
§ 安装RPM包
执行下面的命令安装PRM包，如果一切顺利的话，相应的过程如下所示：
rpm -ivh --nodeps greatsql*rpm
...
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:greatsql-shared-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [ 20%]
2:greatsql-client-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [ 40%]
3:greatsql-icu-data-files-8.0.32-26################################# [ 60%]
4:greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [ 80%]
5:greatsql-devel-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [100%]
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安装 GreatSQL RPM 包的时候，可能会报告类似下面的依赖包错误提示，
$ rpm -ivh greatsql*rpm
...
error: Failed dependencies:
perl(Lmo) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Lmo::Meta) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Lmo::Object) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Lmo::Types) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Lmo::Utils) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Percona::Toolkit) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Quoter) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
perl(Transformers) is needed by greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8.x86_64
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上述这些依赖包可以先忽略，不影响 GreatSQL 正常使用。这时可以加上 --nodeps --force 强制忽略即可，例如：
$ rpm -ivh --nodeps --force greatsql*rpm
...
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:greatsql-shared-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [ 20%]
2:greatsql-client-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [ 40%]
3:greatsql-icu-data-files-8.0.32-26################################# [ 60%]
4:greatsql-server-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [ 80%]
5:greatsql-devel-8.0.32-26.1.el8 ################################# [100%]
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§ 启动GreatSQL
启动GreatSQL服务前，先修改systemd文件 vim /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service，在 [Server] 区间增加下面几行内容，调高一些limit上限，避免出现文件数、线程数不够用的告警。
# some limits
# file size
LimitFSIZE=infinity
# cpu time
LimitCPU=infinity
# virtual memory size
LimitAS=infinity
# open files
LimitNOFILE=65535
# processes/threads
LimitNPROC=65535
# locked memory
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
# total threads (user+kernel)
TasksMax=infinity
TasksAccounting=false
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保存退出，然后重载 systemd，如果没问题就不会报错：
systemctl daemon-reload
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执行下面的命令启动GreatSQL服务
systemctl start mysqld
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检查服务是否已启动，以及进程状态：
$ systemctl status mysqld
...
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-07-06 10:35:57 CST; 42s ago
Docs: https://greatsql.cn/docs
Process: 43570 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 43653 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 39 (limit: 149064)
Memory: 446.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─43653 /usr/sbin/mysqld
...
$ ps -ef | grep mysqld
...
mysql 43653 1 3 10:35 ? 00:00:02 /usr/sbin/mysqld
$ ss -lntp | grep mysqld
...
LISTEN 0 70 *:33060 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=43653,fd=23))
LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=43653,fd=26))
# 查看数据库文件
$ ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ca-key.pem client-key.pem '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' ibdata1 mysql private_key.pem server-key.pem undo_001
binlog.000001 ca.pem '#file_purge' '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' '#innodb_redo' mysql.ibd public_key.pem sys undo_002
binlog.index client-cert.pem greatsql ib_buffer_pool '#innodb_temp' performance_schema server-cert.pem sys_audit
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可以看到，GreatSQL 服务已经正常启动了。
§ 连接登入 GreatSQL
RPM 方式安装 GreatSQL 后，会随机生成管理员 root 的密码，通过搜索日志文件获取：
$ grep -i root /var/log/mysqld.log
...
[Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K<f9Iapd#wwp
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可以看到，root 账户的密码是："K<f9Iapd#wwp" (不包含双引号)，复制到粘贴板里。
首次登入 GreatSQL 后，要立即修改 root 密码，否则无法执行其他操作，并且新密码要符合一定安全规则：
$ mysql -uroot -p
...
Enter password: #<--这个地方粘贴上面复制的随机密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.32-26 GreatSQL, Release 26, Revision 444164cc78e
Copyright (c) 2021-2023 GreatDB Software Co., Ltd
Copyright (c) 2009-2021 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
...
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
greatsql> status; #<--想执行一个命令，提示要先修改密码
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
greatsql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'GreatSQL@202X'; #<--修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
greatsql> status; #<--就可以正常执行其他命令了
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.32-26 for Linux on x86_64 (GreatSQL, Release 26, Revision 444164cc78e)
Connection id: 11
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.32-26 GreatSQL, Release 26, Revision 444164cc78e
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 10 min 14 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 7 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.005
--------------
greatsql> SHOW DATABASES; #<--查看数据库列表
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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§ 关闭/重启 GreatSQL
执行下面的命令关闭 GreatSQL 数据库。
systemctl stop mysqld
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执行下面的命令重启 GreatSQL 数据库。
systemctl restart mysqld
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至此，RPM 包方式安装 GreatSQL 数据库完成。
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