§ 龙蜥Anolis系统中安装GreatSQL


本文档主要介绍如何用二进制包方式安装GreatSQL数据库,假定本次安装是在Anolis OS release 8.8 x86_64环境中安装,并且是以root用户身份执行安装操作。

环境介绍

$ cat /etc/anolis-release
Anolis OS release 8.8
----
$ getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.28
1
2
3
4
5

在开始安装前,请根据文档 安装准备 已经完成准备工作。

§ 下载安装包

先安装wget

$ yum install -y wget
1

查看机器的glibc版本,以选择正确的安装包:

$ ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.28
1
2

如果您的glibc版本为2.28或更高版本,请选择带有"glibc2.28"标识的安装包;如果您的glibc版本为2.17,请选择带有"glibc2.17"标识的安装包。

点击此处 (opens new window)下载最新的安装包,下载以下二进制包就可以:

  • GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz

将下载的二进制包放到安装目录下,并解压缩:

$ cd /usr/local
$ curl -o GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz https://product.greatdb.com/GreatSQL-8.0.32-25/GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
$ tar xf GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
1
2
3

提示:安装GreatSQL需要先安装其他依赖包,可执行下面命令完成:

安装GreatSQL需要先安装其他依赖包,可执行下面命令完成:

$ yum install -y pkg-config perl libaio-devel numactl-devel numactl-libs net-tools openssl openssl-devel jemalloc jemalloc-devel perl-Data-Dumper perl-Digest-MD5 python2 perl-JSON perl-Test-Simple
1

如果报告个别依赖包安装失败或者找不到就删掉,然后重试。更详细的请参考:安装准备

选择安装jemalloc jemalloc-develjemalloc并库不是必须的,用它的好处是可以优化内存管理性能等,有条件的话尽量启用。

$ yum install epel-release  -y
$ yum install jemalloc jemalloc-devel -y
1
2

进入到GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin目录,输入命令ldd mysqld mysql | grep "not found"若不显示其它信息则已经不缺必要软件包

§ 启动前准备

§ 修改 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件

参考这份文件 (opens new window),可根据实际情况修改,一般主要涉及数据库文件分区、目录,内存配置等少数几个选项。以下面这份为例:

$ vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
user = root
socket  = /data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
#主从复制或MGR集群中,server_id记得要不同
#另外,实例启动时会生成 auto.cnf,里面的 server_uuid 值也要不同
#server_uuid的值还可以自己手动指定,只要符合uuid的格式标准就可以
server_id = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64
datadir = /data/GreatSQL
socket  = /data/GreatSQL/mysql.sock
pid-file = mysql.pid
character-set-server = UTF8MB4
skip_name_resolve = 1
#若你的MySQL数据库主要运行在境外,请务必根据实际情况调整本参数
default_time_zone = "+8:00"

#performance setttings
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
open_files_limit    = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
thread_stack = 512K
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 768
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
net_buffer_shrink_interval = 180
#GIPK
loose-sql_generate_invisible_primary_key = ON

#log settings
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
log_error = /data/GreatSQL/error.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
slow_query_log = 1
log_slow_extra = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
#设置slow log文件大小1G及总文件数10
max_slowlog_size = 1073741824
max_slowlog_files = 10
long_query_time = 0.1
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
#控制binlog总大小,避免磁盘空间被撑爆
binlog_space_limit = 500G
binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800
#MySQL 8.0.22前,想启用MGR的话,需要设置binlog_checksum=NONE才行
binlog_checksum = CRC32
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = TRUE

#myisam settings
key_buffer_size = 32M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

#replication settings
relay_log_recovery = 1
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
#可以设置为逻辑CPU数量的2倍
slave_parallel_workers = 64
binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking = WRITESET
slave_preserve_commit_order = 1
slave_checkpoint_period = 2

#mgr settings
loose-plugin_load_add = 'mysql_clone.so'
loose-plugin_load_add = 'group_replication.so'
loose-group_replication_group_name = "aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaa1"
#MGR本地节点IP:PORT,请自行替换
loose-group_replication_local_address = "172.16.16.10:33061"
#MGR集群所有节点IP:PORT,请自行替换
loose-group_replication_group_seeds = "172.16.16.10:33061,172.16.16.11:33061,172.16.16.12:33061"
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = OFF
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = OFF
loose-group_replication_exit_state_action = READ_ONLY
loose-group_replication_flow_control_mode = "DISABLED"
loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = ON
loose-group_replication_majority_after_mode = ON
loose-group_replication_communication_max_message_size = 10M
loose-group_replication_arbitrator = 0
loose-group_replication_single_primary_fast_mode = 1
loose-group_replication_request_time_threshold = 100
loose-group_replication_primary_election_mode = GTID_FIRST
loose-group_replication_unreachable_majority_timeout = 0
loose-group_replication_member_expel_timeout = 5
loose-group_replication_autorejoin_tries = 288
report_host = "172.16.16.10"

#innodb settings
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_redo_log_capacity = 6G
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
# 根据您的服务器IOPS能力适当调整
# 一般配普通SSD盘的话,可以调整到 10000 - 20000
# 配置高端PCIe SSD卡的话,则可以调整的更高,比如 50000 - 80000
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
innodb_print_ddl_logs = 0
innodb_status_file = 1
#注意: 开启 innodb_status_output & innodb_status_output_locks 后, 可能会导致log_error文件增长较快
innodb_status_output = 0
innodb_status_output_locks = 1
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864
innodb_adaptive_hash_index = 0
#开启NUMA支持
innodb_numa_interleave = ON
innodb_print_lock_wait_timeout_info = 1
#自动杀掉超过5分钟不活跃事务,避免行锁被长时间持有
kill_idle_transaction = 300

#innodb monitor settings
#innodb_monitor_enable = "module_innodb,module_server,module_dml,module_ddl,module_trx,module_os,module_purge,module_log,module_lock,module_buffer,module_index,module_ibuf_system,module_buffer_page,module_adaptive_hash"

#innodb parallel query
loose-force_parallel_execute = OFF
loose-parallel_default_dop = 8
loose-parallel_max_threads = 96
temptable_max_ram = 8G

#pfs settings
performance_schema = 1
#performance_schema_instrument = '%memory%=on'
performance_schema_instrument = '%lock%=on'
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161

§ 新建mysql用户

$ /sbin/groupadd mysql
$ /sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin
1
2

§ 新建 datadir

新建数据库主目录,并修改权限模式及属主:

$ mkdir -p /data/GreatSQL
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /data/GreatSQL
$ chmod -R 700 /data/GreatSQL
1
2
3

§ 启动GreatSQL

把GreatSQL添加进环境变量

$ sh -c 'echo "export PATH=/usr/local/GreatSQL-8.0.32-25-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile'
# 刷新文件使得生效
$ source /etc/profile
1
2
3

初始化GreatSQL

$ mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
1

启动GreatSQL

$ mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf&
1

因为本文示例环境在Docker中,所以不采用systemd管理GreatSQL服务,但无论是RPM、二进制包还是Ansible等何种方式安装GreatSQL,都建议采用systemd来管理GreatSQL服务。在Docker容器环境中,无需利用systemd来管理GreatSQL,直接整个容器启停即可。

参考文档:二进制包安装

安装完成后加入systemd服务方法可以参考这篇文章:利用systemd管理GreatSQL

§ 连接登入GreatSQL

在上面进行GreatSQL初始化时,会为 root@localhost 用户生成一个随机密码,记录在 error.log 日志文件中,例如下面这样:

$ grep -i root /data/GreatSQL/error.log
... A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ji!pjndiw5sJ
1
2

复制该密码,将用于首次登入GreatSQL所需。

部分GreatSQL二进制包方式安装后,有可能初始化的root密码是空的,这种情况下可以直接登入并修改成安全密码。

$ mysql -uroot  -p"ji!pjndiw5sJ"   #<--这里输入刚才复制的临时密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.32-25 GreatSQL, Release 25, Revision db07cc5cb73
...
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
...
greatsql> \s
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

首次登入立刻提醒该密码已过期,需要修改,执行类似下面的命令修改即可:

greatsql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'GreatSQL@2022';  #<--修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

greatsql> \s
...
Server version:         8.0.32-25
...
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

GreatSQL数据库安装并初始化完毕。

§ 安装MySQL Shell

下载MySQL Shell for GreatSQL二进制包greatsql-shell-8.0.25-16-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz,在龙蜥Anolis系统下也可以正常运行。

接下来安装MySQL Shell,以及进行MGR初始化等操作和用RPM包方式安装一样,这里就不赘述了。

参考文档RPM安装并构建MGR集群,从“8. 安装MySQL Shell”这节开始及往后内容即可。

在龙蜥Anolis系统中,首次运行 mysqlsh 二进制文件时,可能会提示Python依赖错误:

$ /usr/local/greatsql-shell-8.0.25-16-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin/mysqlsh

./mysqlsh: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.8.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
1
2
3

只需将系统中其他版本的Python依赖包头文件做个软链接就行:

$ ln -s /usr/lib64/libpython3.6m.so.1.0 /usr/lib64/libpython3.8.so.1.0
$ /usr/local/greatsql-shell-8.0.25-16-Linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/bin/mysqlsh
MySQL Shell 8.0.25

Copyright (c) 2016, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.
Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Type '\help' or '\?' for help; '\quit' to exit.
 MySQL  Py >
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

MySQL Shell就可以正常使用,并继续构建MGR集群了。

greatsql-wx